Muhammad Ashraf Khan is retired federal secretary, Government of Pakistan. In his 35 years of civil service, he had several stints in economic and commerce ministries. After his retirement, in 2011, he carried out a study on tariff rationalization of Pakistan for the International Growth Centre, London, along with Garry Pursell. The report is named “Pakistan’s Trade Policies: Future Directions”. In 2011, he wrote a report “A critical analysis of export subsidies and concessions” for the World Bank. He now lives in Islamabad with active interest in current affairs and his family farming business.